How the model works
Electrical events and pulse strength share a reproducible beat schedule.
Rhythm selection controls atrial events, conducted or paced ventricular events, cycle duration and beat strength. Sinus rhythm, AF, flutter, ectopy, AV block, pauses and pacing therefore change more than the appearance of an ECG line.
Irregular schedules are deterministic repeating examples, not fresh randomness every animation frame. Replaying or pausing the same state at the same simulation time yields the same electrical and mechanical events.
Sinus P waves and atrial contraction precede the conducted ventricular event. AF has no discrete organized a wave. Flutter and AV block retain their own atrial activity; AV dissociation can produce mistimed atrial pressure waves. Junctional and ventricular escape examples differ in QRS width, rate and perfusion.
Extended schedules implement conducted PACs, MAT, progressive or fixed AV block and sinus pauses. A displayed rate may be the average over a repeating conduction sequence rather than the instantaneous rate of the conducted pairs.
The disease/rate model supplies nominal flow. The effective-output calculation then accounts for the repeating rhythm’s mechanical beat strengths; irregular filling and ectopy alter pulse amplitude. Ventricular rate zero and VF remove native forward output. A broad QRS alone is not assigned VF-like mechanical failure.
Temporary pacing and AV-synchronous pacing use capture/timing rules; ventricular-only pacing can retain atrial dissociation. CRT assumes a selected responsive dyssynchrony phenotype, not universal benefit for every cardiomyopathy.
NSVT repeats six episodes containing 18, 16, 20, 15, 19 and 17 ventricular beats, each preceded by 16 baseline beats. Baseline can be sinus or AF. VT rate is clamped to 180–240 bpm; runs terminate within 30 seconds.
VT beat strength is reduced in proportion to its shorter duration, so the faster run does not manufacture extra flow. Arterial pressure runs down and recovers with short exponential transitions. Pressure, pleth and ventricular mechanics follow the same run timing. Amiodarone, lidocaine or metoprolol suppress runs in this chosen later response; they do not guarantee clinical efficacy or convert underlying AF.
There are currently 34 selectable rhythm entries. Each has its own wiki page, and the twelve-lead catalogue supplies compatible morphology variants. The rhythm selector, morphology selector and myocardial disease are related but distinct inputs.
